Introduction
In Latvia, the Tax Identification Number (TIN) is a unique identifier assigned to individuals and entities for tax purposes. For individuals, this is known as the Personal Identity Number (Personas kods), while for entities, it is referred to as the Enterprise Registration Number (Uzņēmuma reģistrācijas numurs). Possessing the correct TIN is crucial for ensuring compliance with Latvian tax regulations for both individuals and businesses. All information presented in this guide is verified from official sources, including the State Revenue Service (Valsts ieņēmumu dienests) and other trusted government publications.
Tax Identification Number Types
Latvia employs specific types of TINs for different categories:
- Personal Identity Number (Personas kods): Applicable to individuals.
- Enterprise Registration Number (Uzņēmuma reģistrācijas numurs): Assigned to legal entities and businesses.
These classifications are directly referenced from the official guidelines provided by the State Revenue Service.
TIN Format and Structure
Personal Identity Number (Individuals)
The Personal Identity Number consists of 11 digits in the format: DDMMYYCZZZZ.
- DDMMYY: Represents the individual’s date of birth (Day, Month, Year).
- C: Century indicator (‘0’ for 19th century, ‘1’ for 20th century, ‘2’ for 21st century).
- ZZZZ: Unique serial number assigned to the individual.
This structure is meticulously outlined in the official documentation by the State Revenue Service.
Enterprise Registration Number (Businesses)
The Enterprise Registration Number comprises 11 digits, typically starting with a ‘4’ or ‘5’, following the format: XXXXXXXXXXX, where:
- First Digit: Indicates the type of entity.
- Remaining Digits: Unique identifier assigned to the entity upon registration.
The format and structure are specified by the State Revenue Service.
Issuing Authority
The State Revenue Service (Valsts ieņēmumu dienests) is the official body responsible for issuing TINs in Latvia. Their official website provides comprehensive information and services related to tax identification numbers.
Registration Process
For Individuals (Personal Identity Number):
- Residents: The Personal Identity Number is assigned at birth and is included in official identification documents.
- Non-Residents: Must apply through the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs to obtain a Personal Identity Number.
Required Documents:
- Valid passport or national ID card.
- Completed application form (available at the Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs).
For Businesses (Enterprise Registration Number):
- Step 1: Register the business with the Enterprise Register of the Republic of Latvia.
- Step 2: Upon successful registration, the Enterprise Registration Number is issued.
Required Documents:
- Business incorporation documents.
- Identification of the founders or legal representatives.
Fees:
- Fees vary depending on the type of registration and services required.
The registration processes are up-to-date with current policies as per the State Revenue Service.
TIN Verification and Lookup
To verify a TIN:
- For VAT Numbers: Utilize the VIES (VAT Information Exchange System) provided by the European Commission to validate VAT numbers across EU member states.
Employing these official resources ensures accurate validation and compliance with Latvian tax regulations.
TIN and VAT Number Connection
In Latvia, the VAT number is the same as the Enterprise Registration Number for businesses, prefixed with ‘LV’. The format is: LVXXXXXXXXXXX, where ‘LV’ is the country code followed by the 11-digit Enterprise Registration Number. This connection is explicitly confirmed by the State Revenue Service.
Importance of Accurate TIN Validation
Accurate validation of TINs is crucial for:
- Businesses: Ensuring legitimacy in transactions, proper tax filings, and compliance with Latvian tax laws.
- Individuals: Facilitating official processes such as employment, property transactions, and accessing public services.
Incorrect TINs can lead to penalties, legal complications, and hindered operations, emphasizing the necessity of using official verification tools.